Yes, very interesting, although the important thing it seems is to saturate the transformer core itself. Once saturated, the conducting transistor cuts off and the resulting collapse of the field turns the other one on. Does the transistor necessarily have to saturate for that to happen? As you said, you can't model it not knowing the characteristics of the transformer. The DC resistance of the winding have a current limiting effect? Probably. There seems to be more than enuff drive from the feedback winding despite the two Si junctions. Two things had to happen before I could get the 2N5684's to run. First, I had to open up the holes in the TO-3 socket to 1/16" for the emitter and base leads to fit through (fat), and second, when I powered it up for the first time one of the MPS-U57's decided to commit suicide (not enuff "moxie"?). I installed some 2SB1274's (because that's what I had) and replaced the fuse and all is good. Runs like the Ge's with 550V on TX. See attatched jpeg's. Thanx for all your help, Jim. I really appreciate it. Michael KF7IYP